man/orig/named

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NAMED(8) BIND9 NAMED(8)

Содержание

[править] NAME

      named - Internet domain name server

[править] SYNOPSIS

      named [-4] [-6] [-c config-file] [-d debug-level] [-E engine-name] [-f]
            [-g] [-m flag] [-n #cpus] [-p port] [-s] [-S #max-socks]
            [-t directory] [-U #listeners] [-u user] [-v] [-V]
            [-x cache-file]

[править] DESCRIPTION

      named is a Domain Name System (DNS) server, part of the BIND 9
      distribution from ISC. For more information on the DNS, see RFCs 1033,
      1034, and 1035.
      When invoked without arguments, named will read the default
      configuration file /etc/namedb/named.conf, read any initial data, and
      listen for queries.

[править] OPTIONS

      -4
          Use IPv4 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv6.  -4 and
          -6 are mutually exclusive.
      -6
          Use IPv6 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv4.  -4 and
          -6 are mutually exclusive.
      -c config-file
          Use config-file as the configuration file instead of the default,
          /etc/namedb/named.conf. To ensure that reloading the configuration
          file continues to work after the server has changed its working
          directory due to to a possible directory option in the
          configuration file, config-file should be an absolute pathname.
      -d debug-level
          Set the daemon's debug level to debug-level. Debugging traces from
          named become more verbose as the debug level increases.
      -E engine-name
          Use a crypto hardware (OpenSSL engine) for the crypto operations it
          supports, for instance re-signing with private keys from a secure
          key store. When compiled with PKCS#11 support engine-name defaults
          to pkcs11, the empty name resets it to no engine.
      -f
          Run the server in the foreground (i.e. do not daemonize).
      -g
          Run the server in the foreground and force all logging to stderr.
      -m flag
          Turn on memory usage debugging flags. Possible flags are usage,
          trace, record, size, and mctx. These correspond to the
          ISC_MEM_DEBUGXXXX flags described in <isc/mem.h>.
      -n #cpus
          Create #cpus worker threads to take advantage of multiple CPUs. If
          not specified, named will try to determine the number of CPUs
          present and create one thread per CPU. If it is unable to determine
          the number of CPUs, a single worker thread will be created.
      -p port
          Listen for queries on port port. If not specified, the default is
          port 53.
      -s
          Write memory usage statistics to stdout on exit.
                 Note: This option is mainly of interest to BIND 9 developers
                 and may be removed or changed in a future release.
      -S #max-socks
          Allow named to use up to #max-socks sockets.
                 Warning: This option should be unnecessary for the vast
                 majority of users. The use of this option could even be
                 harmful because the specified value may exceed the
                 limitation of the underlying system API. It is therefore set
                 only when the default configuration causes exhaustion of
                 file descriptors and the operational environment is known to
                 support the specified number of sockets. Note also that the
                 actual maximum number is normally a little fewer than the
                 specified value because named reserves some file descriptors
                 for its internal use.
      -t directory
          Chroot to directory after processing the command line arguments,
          but before reading the configuration file.
                 Warning: This option should be used in conjunction with the
                 -u option, as chrooting a process running as root doesn't
                 enhance security on most systems; the way chroot(2) is
                 defined allows a process with root privileges to escape a
                 chroot jail.
      -U #listeners
          Use #listeners worker threads to listen for incoming UDP packets on
          each address. If not specified, named will use all of the worker
          threads for this purpose; the -U option allows the number to be
          decreased but not increased.
      -u user
          Setuid to user after completing privileged operations, such as
          creating sockets that listen on privileged ports.
                 Note: On Linux, named uses the kernel's capability mechanism
                 to drop all root privileges except the ability to bind(2) to
                 a privileged port and set process resource limits.
                 Unfortunately, this means that the -u option only works when
                 named is run on kernel 2.2.18 or later, or kernel
                 2.3.99-pre3 or later, since previous kernels did not allow
                 privileges to be retained after setuid(2).
      -v
          Report the version number and exit.
      -V
          Report the version number and build options, and exit.
      -x cache-file
          Load data from cache-file into the cache of the default view.
                 Warning: This option must not be used. It is only of
                 interest to BIND 9 developers and may be removed or changed
                 in a future release.

[править] SIGNALS

      In routine operation, signals should not be used to control the
      nameserver; rndc should be used instead.
      SIGHUP
          Force a reload of the server.
      SIGINT, SIGTERM
          Shut down the server.
      The result of sending any other signals to the server is undefined.

[править] CONFIGURATION

      The named configuration file is too complex to describe in detail here.
      A complete description is provided in the BIND 9 Administrator
      Reference Manual.
      named inherits the umask (file creation mode mask) from the parent
      process. If files created by named, such as journal files, need to have
      custom permissions, the umask should be set explicitly in the script
      used to start the named process.

[править] FILES

      /etc/namedb/named.conf
          The default configuration file.
      /var/run/named/pid
          The default process-id file.

[править] SEE ALSO

      RFC 1033, RFC 1034, RFC 1035, named-checkconf(8), named-checkzone(8),
      rndc(8), lwresd(8), named.conf(5), BIND 9 Administrator Reference
      Manual.

[править] AUTHOR

      Internet Systems Consortium

[править] COPYRIGHT

      Copyright (C) 2004-2009, 2011 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
      Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2003 Internet Software Consortium.

BIND9 May 21, 2009 NAMED(8)